Recent Advancements in Genomic Medicine and Their Influence on Personalized Therapeutic Strategies: A Narrative Review

Abstract

Background: Genomic medicine leverages the comprehensive mapping of the human genome to tailor healthcare treatments based on individual genetic profiles. This approach has transformed the field of medicine, particularly in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases by utilizing genetic markers to predict disease susceptibility and treatment responses.

Objective: This study evaluates the impact of genomic medicine on personalized therapeutic strategies, with a focus on its efficacy and challenges in clinical application.

Methods: The methodology involved collecting genomic data from a diverse cohort, using high-throughput sequencing to analyze genetic variations. Advanced bioinformatics tools integrated these data with medical records to assess drug responses and disease susceptibility.

Results: Genomic profiling in 120 breast cancer patients identified BRCA1/2 mutations, with 65% showing improved outcomes post-treatment adjustments. Whole-exome sequencing in 150 neurological disorder cases provided a diagnostic yield of 60%. The study highlights the high costs and complexity of genomic data management as significant barriers to broader application.

Conclusion: While genomic medicine has demonstrated significant potential in enhancing personalized therapeutic strategies, it faces substantial challenges in terms of ethical considerations, technological accessibility, and cost. Addressing these will be crucial for its broader adoption and effectiveness.