EXPLORING CHALLENGES FACED BY DUAL-CAREER COUPLES AMONG NURSES IN PESHAWAR, PAKISTAN. QUALITATIVE DESCRIPTIVE STUDY

Abstract

Background: Dual-career couples are increasingly common globally, with significant implications for work-life balance, particularly in professions like nursing that demand intensive time and emotional investment. Rising inflation, economic challenges, and evolving societal roles have contributed to the growth of dual-career households. In Pakistan, these dynamics are further influenced by traditional gender expectations, posing unique challenges for nurses and their families. Understanding these challenges is vital for developing effective interventions to support dual-career couples in achieving a sustainable balance between professional and personal lives.

Objective: To explore the challenges faced by dual-career couples among nurses in Peshawar, Pakistan, focusing on work, family, and social dimensions, and identify strategies for managing these challenges.

Methods: A qualitative descriptive study was conducted over six months in four healthcare institutions in Peshawar, including Rufaidah Nursing College, Kuwait Teaching Hospital, Mercy Teaching Hospital, and Prime Teaching Hospital. Using purposive sampling, 24 dual-career couples (48 participants) aged 20–55 were recruited. Participants were legally married, with at least one spouse holding a nursing license. Data were collected through in-depth, semi-structured interviews, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using Braun and Clarke’s thematic analysis. Ethical approval and informed consent were obtained prior to the study.

Results: Key challenges identified included time management (80%), work-life balance (75%), and financial stress (60%). Participants reported limited time for personal activities (85%) and difficulties attending family functions (70%). Job-related stress impacted family relationships in 65% of couples. Strategies like mutual support (90%) and effective communication (85%) helped mitigate these challenges. Dual-career dynamics were particularly influenced by irregular work schedules and cultural expectations.

Conclusion: Dual-career couples in nursing face multifaceted challenges that impact their well-being and relationships. Supportive workplace policies, flexible scheduling, and societal interventions are crucial to promoting work-life balance and enhancing the quality of life for these couples.