COMPLICATIONS DUE TO POST OPERATIVE KINESIOPHOBIA IN PATIENTS FOLLOWING MODIFIED RADICAL MASTECTOMY

Abstract

Background: Breast cancer remains a significant health challenge, particularly in developing countries, where late-stage diagnosis and limited access to care contribute to poor outcomes. In many cultures, cancer is perceived as a lifelong disability, and surgical interventions, such as mastectomy, are seen as compounding this tragedy. Kinesiophobia, the fear of movement, may exacerbate physical inactivity and delay rehabilitation following mastectomy, potentially leading to a higher prevalence of post-operative complications. Addressing these complications is critical for improving recovery and quality of life.

Objective: The study aimed to determine the frequency and types of complications due to post-operative kinesiophobia in patients who underwent modified radical mastectomy for breast cancer.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Jinnah Hospital, Lahore, over six months from August 2015 to January 2016. A total of 77 female patients aged 15 to 60 years who underwent modified radical mastectomy were recruited using non-probability convenience sampling. Kinesiophobia was assessed using the Tampa Scale, and complications such as pain, lymphedema, and decreased shoulder range of motion were documented. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 20, with numerical data presented as means and standard deviations, while qualitative data was summarized using frequencies and percentages.

Results: All 77 participants experienced pain associated with kinesiophobia, with 89.6% (n=69) reporting sharp pain, 6.5% (n=5) experiencing burning pain, and 3.9% (n=3) presenting with neuropathic pain. Lymphedema was reported by 96.1% (n=74) of the patients, while decreased shoulder range of motion was observed in 100% of participants. Axillary web formation was less frequently reported. The mean age of participants was 37.19 years, with a standard deviation of 4.133.

Conclusion: Pain, particularly sharp pain, lymphedema, and reduced shoulder range of motion were the most common complications following modified radical mastectomy. The findings highlight the pervasive impact of kinesiophobia on post-operative recovery and emphasize the need for targeted interventions to manage these complications effectively.