ROLE OF ARGON LASER IN CHRONIC CENTRAL SEROUS CHORIORETINOPATHY (CSCR) IN TERMS OF MEAN CHANGE IN BEST CORRECTED VISUAL ACUITY

Abstract

Background: Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) is a common retinal disorder characterized by serous detachment of the neurosensory retina due to dysfunction of the retinal pigment epithelium and choroid. Chronic CSCR, defined by persistent subretinal fluid for more than four months, may result in permanent visual impairment if left untreated. Argon laser photocoagulation has been employed to promote subretinal fluid absorption by sealing the leakage point and enhancing RPE function. However, risks such as choroidal neovascularization and retinal scarring warrant careful evaluation of its efficacy.

Objective: To determine the mean change in best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) following argon laser application in adults diagnosed with chronic CSCR.

Methods: This descriptive case series was conducted at Eye Unit I, Department of Ophthalmology, Allied Hospital Faisalabad, affiliated with Faisalabad Medical University, from March 1 to August 31, 2021. A total of 35 patients, aged 16–70 years, with chronic CSCR confirmed on OCT and FFA, were selected via non-probability consecutive sampling. Exclusion criteria included repeat laser therapy, choroidal neovascularization, inflammatory/neoplastic choroidal disease, or congenital optic disc anomalies. Baseline BCVA was assessed using Snellen’s chart. Argon green laser (514 nm) was applied to leakage points at least 500 µm away from the fovea by a senior consultant. Patients were followed up at 4, 8, and 12 weeks for BCVA reassessment.

Results: Mean BCVA improved from 0.35 ± 0.04 at baseline to 0.68 ± 0.05 at 4 weeks, 0.89 ± 0.02 at 8 weeks, and 0.98 ± 0.03 at 12 weeks. The overall mean change in BCVA was 0.64 ± 0.05.

Conclusion: Argon laser photocoagulation significantly improved visual acuity in chronic CSCR patients and may be considered a safe, effective treatment where focal leakage is present.