Assessment of Tear Film Instability In Glaucomatous Patients Using Anti-Glaucoma drugs
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.71000/p4qnh343Keywords:
Glaucoma, anti-glaucoma medication, tear film stability, dry eye, Schirmer’s test.Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of anti-glaucoma medications on tear film stability and ocular surface health in glaucoma patients by assessing changes in visual function, tear production, and related symptoms.
Methods: A total of 150 glaucoma patients aged 18 to 60 years were recruited from a clinical setting. Visual acuity was measured using standard charts. Tear film stability and tear production were assessed through Tear Break-Up Time (TBUT) and Schirmer’s tests, respectively. Participants completed the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire to report symptoms such as dry eye and ocular discomfort. Information on anti-glaucoma medications including prostaglandin analogs, beta-blockers, alpha agonists, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, miotics, and combination therapies was recorded. Demographic data, glaucoma type, duration, and medication history were collected via standardized forms to analyze medication impact on ocular surface health.
Results: The majority of participants were aged 41–50 years, with balanced gender distribution. Most exhibited moderate to severe visual impairment (mean visual acuity: right eye 0.34 ± 0.15; left eye 0.32 ± 0.17) and had glaucoma for over three years, predominantly open-angle type. Prostaglandin analogs were the most frequently used medications. Common ocular surface symptoms included dry eyes and blurred vision. Post-treatment TBUT increased from 2.80 to 2.87 seconds, and Schirmer’s test values improved from 2.68 to 2.90 mm; both changes were statistically significant. Correlation analyses indicated weak but significant associations between medication type and ocular surface parameters, suggesting a modest effect on tear film stability.
Conclusion: Anti-glaucoma medications induce mild but significant changes in tear film stability and dry eye symptoms. Despite side effects, treatments remain effective and well tolerated. Regular ocular surface monitoring is advised to optimize patient comfort and treatment outcomes.
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