ASSESSMENT OF HEMATOLOGICAL (WBC RBC PLATELETS AND HB) VARIATION IN TYPHOID PATIENT
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.71000/gesykp71Keywords:
Anemia, Hemoglobin, , Platelet Count, , Red Blood Cells, Salmonella Typhi, Thrombocytopenia, , White Blood CellsAbstract
Background: Typhoid fever, caused by Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi, continues to pose a major global health challenge, particularly in regions with poor sanitation and limited access to clean water. While the disease is primarily diagnosed through clinical and microbiological methods, hematological parameters provide essential diagnostic and prognostic insights. Recognizing and understanding these blood-based alterations is critical for early diagnosis, timely intervention, and monitoring of disease progression.
Objective: To assess and analyze the hematological variations in typhoid patients, focusing on key parameters such as white blood cell count (WBC), red blood cell count (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb), and platelet count.
Methods: This retrospective observational study included 200 samples: 100 clinically diagnosed typhoid fever patients and 100 individuals with normal complete blood count (CBC) reports, obtained from CDC Laboratories Lahore. Hematological parameters including WBCs, RBCs, Hb, and platelets were measured using automated hematology analyzers and confirmed through microscopic peripheral smear examination. Data were statistically analyzed using SPSS version 24 to determine the frequency and percentage distribution of hematological abnormalities.
Results: Among typhoid patients, 80 (40%) had leukopenia, while 20 (10%) showed leukocytosis. Low RBC counts indicating anemia were found in 66 (33%) cases, and 34 (17%) had elevated RBCs. Thrombocytopenia was observed in 76 (38.2%) patients, whereas 23 (11.6%) showed thrombocytosis. Hemoglobin levels were reduced in 69 (34.5%) patients and elevated in 31 (15.5%). In contrast, all 100 individuals in the control group had normal hematological values.
Conclusion: The study highlights significant hematological disturbances in typhoid fever, with leukopenia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia being the most common findings. These parameters serve as valuable diagnostic and monitoring tools, aiding in early detection and effective management of typhoid fever.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Joun Abbas, Areeba Farooq, Madiha Naheed, Sameer Mahraj, Muzafar Nazeer, Nida Feroz, Kainat Hasti Khan, Sadaf Taj, Muhammad Mudasir Atta (Author)
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