RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BODY MASS INDEX (BMI) AND PATELLOFEMORAL PAIN SYNDROME (PFPS) IN RECREATIONAL CRICKETERS AT MEDICAL COLLEGES IN LAHORE
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Background: Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome (PFPS) is a prevalent cause of anterior knee pain, particularly in individuals involved in sports requiring repetitive knee loading. Although numerous studies have explored PFPS in elite athletes, limited attention has been given to recreational cricketers, especially within the Pakistani context. Given that Body Mass Index (BMI) may contribute to increased mechanical stress on the patellofemoral joint, investigating its role in this specific population could offer meaningful insights for injury prevention and management.
Objective: To evaluate the association between Body Mass Index (BMI) and the severity of Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome (PFPS) among recreational cricketers enrolled in medical colleges in Lahore, Pakistan.
Methods: A cross-sectional study design was employed, including 91 recreational cricketers aged 18 to 30 years from various medical colleges in Lahore. Convenience sampling was used. Participants were required to have a non-traumatic history of anterior knee pain for at least three months. The Kujala Anterior Knee Pain Scale (AKPS) was utilized to assess symptom severity, and BMI was calculated using standard anthropometric measurements. Participants were stratified into BMI categories for subgroup analysis. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26, with Pearson’s correlation applied to examine the relationship between BMI and AKP scores.
Results: The sample had a mean age of 25.01 ± 2.00 years and a mean BMI of 23.90 ± 2.79 kg/m². The average AKP score was 87.30 ± 13.58. A statistically significant moderate negative correlation was observed between BMI and AKP scores (r = -0.487, p < 0.001), indicating that higher BMI levels were associated with more severe patellofemoral pain.
Conclusion: Higher BMI is moderately associated with increased severity of PFPS symptoms among recreational cricketers. These findings underscore the importance of considering body composition in preventive and rehabilitative approaches for non-professional athletes.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
References
Basharat H, Asghar F, Raza A, Islam F, John N, Jabbar R, et al. ASSOCIATION OF BMI WITH PATELLOFEMORAL PAIN SYNDROME IN FEMALE OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE.
Chebet H. Dynamic Balance among Long-Distance Runners with Achilles Tendinopathy in High Altitude Training Camps in Western Kenya: JKUAT-COHES; 2023.
JÄGER CRL. POTENTIAL RUNNING RELATED INJURY CONTRIBUTORS IN SOUTH AFRICAN LONG-DISTANCE RUNNERS.
Hee Z. Correlation between lower limb alignment and patellofemoral pain syndrome among badminton players in UTAR: UTAR; 2022.
Ferreira AS, Mentiplay BF, Taborda B, Pazzinatto MF, de Azevedo FM, Silva DDOJJos, et al. Exploring overweight and obesity beyond body mass index: a body composition analysis in people with and without patellofemoral pain. 2023;12(5):630-8.
Naderi A, Gholami F, Degens H. Assessing Body Mass Index as a Predictor of Running-Related Injuries: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. 2025.
Ishtiaq N, Riaz H, Tahir M, Asghar Z, Rasool AG, Sial WHJTHJoP, et al. Effects of Trigger Point Dry Needling in Patients with Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome; A Randomized Controlled Trial: Dry Needling in Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome. 2023;3(5):505-17.
Muhammad R, Shah SDBJJoMS. FREQUENCY OF THE KNEE POSTEROLATERAL CORNER INJURY IN COMBINATION WITH ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT INJURY: RETRACTED ARTICLE. 2024;32(1):6-11.
Sharma P, Shrivastava VK, Sathe P, Soni KJJoSoIP. Myofascial Release of Iliotibial Band and Eccentric Quadriceps Exercises for Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome in Recreational Cyclists. 2025:10.4103.
Shallan A, Hawamdeh M, Gaowgzeh R, Obaidat S, Jastania R, Muhsen A, et al. The association between kinesiophobia and dynamic balance in patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome. 2023;27(6).
Paniagua C, Albarian A, Wang T, Siedentopp T. Efficacy of Vibration on Muscle Performance in Athletes and Patients with Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome: Azusa Pacific University; 2022.
Aboelhassan MA, Kattabei OMA, Khaddah MA, Elkady SMJEJoHM. Prevalence and Risk Factor of Patellofemoral Pain and Knee Pain in Great Cairo Obese Population. 2024;94(1):656-62.
Nafez S, Ghanavati T, Akbari M, Khalilian-Ekrami N, Salahzadeh ZJM, Ligaments, Journal T. Relationship between Functional and Laboratory Balance Assessment in Females with Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome. 2023;13(3).
Khan B, Khan OY, Zehra S, Azhar A, Fatima SJPJPS. Association between obesity and risk of knee osteoarthritis. 2020;33(1):295-8.
Bhatti SA, Waseem I, Akhtar M, Arslan SA, Batool F, Ahmed AJPBJ. Association of Patellofemoral Syndrome with Prolonged Duration of Sitting among Teachers; A Cross-Sectional Survey: Association of Patellofemoral Syndrome with Prolonged Duration of Sitting. 2022:321-4.
Hansen R, Rathleff MS, Brushøj C, Magnusson SP, Henriksen MJjoo, therapy sp. Differential Effects of Quadriceps and Hip Muscle Exercises for Patellofemoral Pain: A Secondary Effect Modifier Analysis of a Randomized Trial. 2024;54(11):732-42.
Arrebola LS, Carvalho RTd, Lima VCdO, Percivale KAN, Oliveira VGCd, Pinfildi CEJFeM. Influence of body mass index on patellofemoral pain. 2020;33: e003309.
Gibbs D, Flanigan DC, Mallory N, Qin C, Milliron EM, Cavendish PA, et al. The Effect of Body Mass Index on Outcomes of Isolated Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction. 2025;13(5):23259671251331140.
Nilmart P, Vongsirinavarat M, Khawsuwan P, Chumthong K, Tadein R, Komalasari DRJBOS, et al. Impact of telehealth-based therapeutic exercise on pain, functional performance and dynamic knee valgus in young adult females with patellofemoral pain: a randomised controlled trial. 2024;10(4).
Widhiantari NKE, Widnyana M, Jawi IMJK, Comprehensive P. Risk factors of the patellofemoral pain syndrome. 2023;2(3):74-80.
Ferreira AS, Mentiplay BF, Taborda B, Pazzinatto MF, de Azevedo FM, de Oliveira Silva D. Overweight and obesity in young adults with patellofemoral pain: Impact on functional capacity and strength. J Sport Health Sci. 2023;12(2):202-11.
Ferreira AS, Mentiplay BF, Taborda B, Pazzinatto MF, de Azevedo FM, De Oliveira Silva D. Exploring overweight and obesity beyond body mass index: A body composition analysis in people with and without patellofemoral pain. J Sport Health Sci. 2023;12(5):630-8.
Hansen R, Rathleff MS, Brushøj C, Magnusson SP, Henriksen M. Differential Effects of Quadriceps and Hip Muscle Exercises for Patellofemoral Pain: A Secondary Effect Modifier Analysis of a Randomized Trial. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2024;54(11):732-42.