ANALYZING THE SOCIOCULTURAL, ECONOMIC, AND PSYCHOLOGICAL DIMENSIONS OF DRUG ADDICTION AMONG PATIENTS IN PUNJAB: A STUDY ON CAUSES AND REHABILITATION STRATEGIES

Abstract

Background: Punjab, Pakistan faces a severe public health challenge from drug addiction, which impacts individuals across diverse socio-economic backgrounds. This study investigates the sociocultural, economic, and psychological dimensions that contribute to drug addiction and evaluates the effectiveness of current rehabilitation strategies.

Objective: To analyze the prevalence and causes of drug addiction in Punjab and to assess the efficacy of existing rehabilitation measures, aiming to propose integrated strategies for improvement.

Methods: Employing a qualitative approach, this research utilized in-depth semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions (FGDs), and observational field notes. A purposive sampling technique was used to gather data from 25 participants, including recovering addicts, their family members, healthcare professionals, and rehabilitation staff. Thematic analysis was conducted to identify significant patterns in addiction triggers, treatment challenges, and recovery experiences.

Results: The study found that 90% of drug addicts initiated use due to peer influence and family dysfunction. Economic hardships, such as unemployment and poverty, were identified in 80% of cases as direct factors pushing individuals towards substance abuse. Psychological factors like depression and anxiety were prevalent in 85% of the addicts. Rehabilitation programs were noted to have a high relapse rate of 70%, with challenges including the affordability of treatment and insufficient long-term psychological support.

Conclusion: The findings underscore the necessity for comprehensive rehabilitation programs that integrate mental health care, economic support, and community reintegration strategies. This study recommends substantial policy reforms, enhanced mental health services, the establishment of vocational training programs, and increased awareness campaigns to address the multifaceted nature of drug addiction in Punjab.