PREVALENCE OF SACRO-ILIAC JOINT DYSFUNCTION AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH LOW BACK PAIN AND RELATED FUNCTIONAL DISABILITIES AMONG DAIRY FARMERS

Abstract

Background: Sacroiliac joint dysfunction (SIJD) is a significant contributor to low back pain (LBP), often leading to functional disabilities that affect daily activities. Dairy farmers are particularly vulnerable due to the physical demands, repetitive tasks, and prolonged postural stresses inherent in their occupation. These factors contribute to a heightened risk of musculoskeletal disorders, with SIJD being a key factor influencing LBP and its associated functional impairments.

Objective: To assess the prevalence of sacroiliac joint dysfunction and its association with low back pain and related functional disabilities among dairy farmers.

Methods: This cross-sectional survey was conducted from April 28, 2024, to May 15, 2024, at dairy farms registered with the Pakistan Agriculture and Dairy Farmers Association (PADFA). The sample comprised 75 male participants aged 20–50 years, with at least one year of work experience and a minimum of six daily working hours. Purposive sampling was used to select 65 participants with LBP and 10 without. Data were collected using validated tools, including the Numeric Pain Rating Scale, the Urdu version of the Oswestry Disability Index, and the 5-Test Cluster of Laslett for SIJD diagnosis. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 29 to determine associations between LBP, SIJD, and functional disabilities.

Results: Of the 75 participants, 65 (86.7%) reported LBP, and 19 of these (29.2%) were diagnosed with SIJD. Among all participants, SIJD prevalence was 25.3%. Functional disability scores among those with LBP revealed the highest impact in pain intensity (67.7%) and lifting tasks (32.3%), with minimal impact on personal care and employment. Statistically significant associations were found between LBP and SIJD (p = 0.048), LBP and functional disabilities (p = 0.000), and SIJD and functional disabilities (p = 0.019).

Conclusion: Sacroiliac joint dysfunction was highly prevalent among dairy farmers with low back pain, significantly contributing to related functional disabilities. The findings emphasize the need for targeted ergonomic interventions and preventive measures to address occupational risk factors.