MULTIFUNCTIONAL NANOCARRIERS BASED TYROSINE KINASE INHIBITORS FOR OSTEOSARCOMA -- CURRENT TRENDS AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES. A NARRATIVE REVIEW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.71000/m0xfk634Keywords:
Bone Cancer, Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors, Nanocarriers, Osteosarcoma, Targeted Therapy, NanotechnologyAbstract
Background: Bone cancer, particularly osteosarcoma, is a highly aggressive malignancy affecting children and adolescents, often associated with poor prognosis due to resistance to conventional therapies. Recent advancements in targeted therapy, particularly the use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), offer new hope. However, systemic toxicity and poor tumor specificity remain significant clinical challenges.
Objective: This narrative review aims to explore the potential of nanocarrier-based delivery systems to enhance the precision and efficacy of TKIs in the treatment of bone cancer.
Main Discussion Points: The review discusses various classes of nanocarriers—including liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, micelles, dendrimers, and metal-based systems—that have been investigated for TKI delivery. Special focus is given to stimuli-responsive and biomimetic nanocarriers, which are designed to respond to the bone tumor microenvironment, as well as to pediatric osteosarcoma applications. The role of artificial intelligence in optimizing nanocarrier design is also highlighted. Additionally, the influence of nanoparticle size on cellular uptake, as well as the promise of protein-conjugated and inorganic nanocarriers like gold and silver, are examined.
Conclusion: Nanocarriers have demonstrated significant potential in improving the therapeutic index of TKIs by enhancing tumor targeting and minimizing systemic toxicity. Despite ongoing progress, further research is essential to overcome translational barriers and ensure clinical applicability in diverse patient populations.
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